Merge pull request 'added api key auth docs' (#7) from doc/api-key-auth into main

Reviewed-on: #7

.vitepress/config.mts

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ export default defineConfig({
           { text: 'Google Sign in without Identity', link: '/dotnet/google-sign-in-without-identity' },
           { text: 'Service Testing', link: '/dotnet/service-testing' },
           { text: 'Controller Testing', link: '/dotnet/controller-testing' },
+          { text: 'API Key Authentication', link: '/dotnet/api-key-auth'}
         ]
       },
       {

docs/dotnet/api-key-auth.md

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+# API Key Auth
+
+Simple API Key authentication is a great option when building public facing APIs without strict security requirements, but you would rather not leave open. Think syncs, long running jobs or other non-critical operations.
+
+## Configuration
+
+This example stores the ApiKey in the `appsettings.json` file. You can also store it in a database, environment variable, or any other configuration source.
+
+::: code-group
+
+```json[appsettings.json]
+{
+  "Logging": {
+    "LogLevel": {
+      "Default": "Information",
+      "Microsoft.AspNetCore": "Warning"
+    }
+  },
+  "AllowedHosts": "*",
+  "ApiKey": "ThisIsMySecretKey",
+  // ...
+}
+```
+
+:::
+
+## Filter
+
+The logic for the api key authentication is a simple Authorization filter. It checks the `ApiKey` header against the configured value. 
+
+Start by storing the header name in a constants file or similar:
+
+::: code-group
+
+```csharp[Constants.cs]
+namespace ApiKeyAuthDemo.Core
+{
+    public static class Constants
+    {
+        public const string API_KEY_HEADER_NAME = "X-API-KEY";
+    }
+}
+```
+
+:::
+
+Then create the filter:
+
+::: code-group
+
+```csharp[ApiKeyAuthorizeAttribute.cs]
+using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
+using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Filters;
+
+namespace ApiKeyAuthDemo.Core.Filters
+{
+    [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class | AttributeTargets.Method)]
+    public class ApiKeyAuthorizeAttribute() : Attribute, IAuthorizationFilter
+    {
+        public void OnAuthorization(AuthorizationFilterContext context)
+        {
+            // Get the API key from the request headers
+            string? apiKeyValue = context.HttpContext.Request.Headers[Constants.API_KEY_HEADER_NAME];
+
+            // Get the API key from the configuration
+            IConfiguration configuration = context.HttpContext.RequestServices.GetRequiredService<IConfiguration>();
+            string? apiKey = configuration.GetValue<string>("ApiKey");
+
+            // Check if the API key is valid and set
+            if (apiKeyValue == null || apiKeyValue != apiKey)
+            {
+                context.Result = new UnauthorizedResult();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+```
+
+:::
+
+## Usage
+
+See below for example usage (on the second GET method):
+
+::: code-group
+
+```csharp[WeatherForecastController.cs]
+using ApiKeyAuthDemo.Core.Filters;
+using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
+
+namespace ApiKeyAuthDemo.Controllers;
+
+[ApiController]
+[Route("[controller]")]
+public class WeatherForecastController : ControllerBase
+{
+    private static readonly string[] Summaries = new[]
+    {
+        "Freezing", "Bracing", "Chilly", "Cool", "Mild", "Warm", "Balmy", "Hot", "Sweltering", "Scorching"
+    };
+
+    private readonly ILogger<WeatherForecastController> _logger;
+
+    public WeatherForecastController(ILogger<WeatherForecastController> logger)
+    {
+        _logger = logger;
+    }
+
+    [HttpGet]
+    public IEnumerable<WeatherForecast> Get()
+    {
+        return Enumerable.Range(1, 5).Select(index => new WeatherForecast
+        {
+            Date = DateOnly.FromDateTime(DateTime.Now.AddDays(index)),
+            TemperatureC = Random.Shared.Next(-20, 55),
+            Summary = Summaries[Random.Shared.Next(Summaries.Length)]
+        })
+        .ToArray();
+    }
+
+    [ApiKeyAuthorize]
+    [HttpGet("auth")]
+    public IEnumerable<WeatherForecast> GetAuth()
+    {
+        return Enumerable.Range(1, 5).Select(index => new WeatherForecast
+        {
+            Date = DateOnly.FromDateTime(DateTime.Now.AddDays(index)),
+            TemperatureC = Random.Shared.Next(-20, 55),
+            Summary = Summaries[Random.Shared.Next(Summaries.Length)]
+        })
+        .ToArray();
+    }
+}
+```
+
+:::

docs/dotnet/index.md

@@ -12,3 +12,4 @@
 #### [Google Sign in Without Identity](./google-sign-in-without-identity.md)
 #### [Service Testing](./service-testing.md)
 #### [Controller Testing](./controller-testing.md)
+#### [API Key Authentication](./api-key-auth.md)